Issue 32.15
The beginning of summer brings warm days, sunshine and swimming. But for some, chlorine, salt, air conditioning and hot dry days also bring dry, irritated eyes.
Dry eye syndrome is a condition that can be exacerbated in the summer when the eyes, especially the cornea, become dehydrated. In a hot, desert environment like St. George, dry eye is extremely common. People over the age of 40, especially women following menopause, are more susceptible to the symptoms. These include watery eyes, a gritty or sandy sensation, burning, itching, redness, hazy vision or sensitivity to light. Environmental conditions, such as air conditioning in the home or office, and long hours of reading or computer use can exacerbate the condition.
The tear film is an important component of the eye. It lubricates the eyes, sweeps away foreign particles and protects them against infection. Tears are composed of water, salts, oil and mucus which are composed by a number of different glands in the eye. If any component of the tear film becomes disrupted or unhealthy, dry eye can occur.
There are many way to treat dry eye syndrome, with the most important key being to find the underlying cause. Replacing natural tears is the basis of treatment. Artificial tears are available without a prescription, and range from drops, gels and ointment. Prescription medication can also be used to encourage your eyes to produce more tears. Supplements containing omega 3 fatty acids, such as fish oil or flaxseed oil help the oil component of the tear film, decreasing evaporation.
Simple changes at work and at home can provide relief as well, such as using a humidifier indoors and reducing air flow from fans and air conditioning. Directing the cars vents downward and wearing wrap around glasses to stop the wind from drying the eyes can help as well. When using the computer or reading for extended periods of time, the blink response decreases, exposing the eyes for a longer period of time and allowing them to dry out. Taking occasional rests to close and relax the eyes will increased tear production and allows them to become comfortable again.
Chlorine present while swimming can also cause dryness, burning and redness of the eyes. Wearing goggles while in the pool, or putting artificial tears in before and after diving in can help keep the eyes well lubricated.
Enjoy the summer, head to the lake and hit the pool. Just remember to stay hydrated, protect your eyes from the wind and the sun, and use artificial tears when needed.
Jayson Edwards, M.D. He is the ONLY Fellowship trained Cornea Specialists in the Southern Utah area and can be contacted at Dixie Ophthalmic Specialists 435-656-2020.